How to safely use, maintain, and dispose of power bank

Thermal runaway – a dangerous process where a battery cell overheats rapidly, increasing current and triggering further heat buildup – can spread to neighboring cells, potentially causing chain reactions, fires, and explosions.

While the likelihood of a power bank catching fire due to thermal runaway is low, such incidents are often severe and difficult to contain. In June, tech accessory brand Anker recalled more than 1.1 million older power banks following 19 reports of fires. The company later expanded the recall to five additional models, urging users to stop using them "immediately due to the risk of overheating, melting, smoke, or fire."

Knowing when a power bank has reached the end of its life is key to preventing hazards, but using and maintaining the device properly can also minimize risks.

Tips for safe use

Buying a power bank from a reputable brand reduces the risk of manufacturing defects, as high-quality components and materials are typically used. Budget models may seem appealing but often involve trade-offs that affect performance and reliability.

Assistant Professor Hung Dinh Nguyen from Nanyang Technological University’s School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering told The Straits Times that users should avoid keeping a power bank inside a bag while it is charging a device, as the enclosed space prevents heat from dissipating and can lead to overheating.

A phone charging using a power bank. Photo from Pexels

He also warned against using power banks under pillows, blankets, or in closed drawers where heat can build up. In addition, Nguyen advised keeping them out of direct sunlight and avoiding use in humid environments such as swimming pools or bathrooms for extended periods.

To prolong battery life, Anker recommends keeping charge levels between 50–80%, avoiding overcharging, and not allowing the battery to fully drain before recharging. The company also warns against using a power bank while it is charging, as this can cause excessive heat and stress on the device.

Some premium power banks support software and firmware updates. Manufacturers occasionally release updates to enhance performance or fix issues affecting capacity and lifespan. Users are advised to check the brand’s website regularly for updates.

Signs your power bank may no longer be safe

A drop in performance is a common sign that a power bank is nearing the end of its life, The Verge reported. If recharging the power bank takes much longer than it once did, or if it delivers fewer charges to your devices, it may be time for a replacement.

A power bank that becomes uncomfortably hot to touch could indicate a serious issue.

Visible changes such as swelling or deformation are another red flag. Excessive heat or aging can cause the battery’s internal electrolyte to break down, producing gas that expands the casing like a balloon. This swelling is easy to spot and, if ignored, could eventually lead to rupture.

Proper ways to dispose of a power bank

Although the fire risk is low, power banks and other lithium-ion devices should never be thrown away with household trash or regular recycling.

If you are discarding a recalled power bank or one showing signs of failure, follow local electronic waste disposal rules and locate a recycling facility equipped to handle hazardous electronics.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency also provides a list of organizations on its website that can help users find disposal facilities by location.