016 Quang Trung, equipped with rockets and stealth capabilities, is used to combat submarines and other warships, Vietnam Television said on Sunday.
Ka-28 helicopters carried out emergency landing drills.
"On the Spratly Islands, combat preparations are at the highest levels," the national broadcaster added.
016 Quang Trung, commissioned in 2018, carries a lot of modern Russian weaponry and camouflage technologies like radar-absorbing paint.
Its main weaponry includes eight 3M24E rockets with a 130-km range, an AK-176MA gun and other rocket-gun combinations.
It is also capable of carrying a Ka-28 helicopter for anti-submarine warfare.