According to Forbes Vietnam, their combined post-tax profits rose 26 percent over the previous year to nearly VND175 trillion.
The top companies in terms of revenue include conglomerate Vingroup, retailer Mobile World and steelmaker Hoa Phat Group.
The list has 11 new entrants, including Hanoi Beer Alcohol and Beverage (Habeco), state-owned lender BIDV and real estate developer Becamex IDC Corp.
All 50 companies in the list are listed on either the Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange or the Hanoi Stock Exchange.